Pengertian
Verb Phrase
Pada dasarnya yang di sebut sebagai verb phrase
adalah kata kerja yang tidak berdiri sendiri (terdiri lebih dari satu kata)
namun masih bermakna/berfungsi sebagai kata kerja. Jadi yang di maksud dengan
verb phrase adalah kata kerja yang terdiri dari dua kata atau lebih, perhatikan
contoh di bawah ini:
·
They play
·
They are playing
Contoh yang pertama
bukanlah sebuah verb phrase karena kata kerja hanya terdiri dari satu kata
yaitu play, sedangkan contoh yang kedua adalah sebuah verb phrase
karena kata kerja terdiri dari dua kata, yaitu are (kata
kerja bantu) dan playing (kata kerja utama
dengan tambahan akhiran –ing) yang berfungsi sebagai kata kerja “sedang
berlangsung”.
How to compose or create a verb phrase? Okay, to answer that
question, I will give a point that can be used as your handle to create and
know which verb phrase and which are not the verb phrase, along with the
review:
Be + Present Participle (-ing)
Verb phrase dapat disusun atas bagian dari kata
kerja be yang di ikuti oleh kata kerja dengan akhiran ing. Yang termasuk
bagian be adalah is, am, are, was, dan were.
Contoh :
·
We are discussing a
problem.
·
Shanti was watching TV.
Perhatikan yang
saya garis bawahi dimana be di ikuti oleh kata kerja berakhiran ing, sehingga akan
membentuk verb phrase.
Have + Past Participle (verb3)
Yang di maksud dengan have juga termasuk has dan
had. Sedangkan verb3 adalah bentuk ketiga dari suatu kata kerja. Jadi, verb
phrase juga dapat di susun dengan have/has/had yang kemudian di ikuti verb3.
Contoh:
·
I have slept.
·
Bambang has lived in Jakarta.
·
She had
finished her job.
Have Been + Present Participle (-ing)
Kemudian, verb phrase juga dapat tersusun atas
have been, has been, had been yang di ikuti oleh kata kerja berakhiran ing.
Contoh:
·
I lived in Bekasi.
·
The mechanic has repaired my
motorbike.
·
Robby has worked at the shop.
Modal
Auxiliary Verb + Ordinary Verb (Kata kerja utama)
Yang di maksud dengan modal auxiliary verb
adalah kata kerja bantu yang memiliki arti, sehingga akan melengkapi makna dari
ordinary verb. Contoh dari modal auxiliary verb seperti will, shall, would,
should, ought to, can, could, must may, might, dan kata-kata lainnya yang
sejenis.
Contoh:
·
They will learn Spanish.
·
He can do this task.
TENSES
A.
Simple
Present Tense
This tenses are used to denote something
that is fixed, habitual or an essential truth. Because it is often related to
the incident at about past, present and future, this at least has the Tenses description for a certain time.
·
Form Verbal:
(+) S + V1 s/es + O
(-) S + do/does not + V1 + O…
(?) Do/Does + S + V…?
Example
Verbal:
(+) My sister applies the jacket
(-) My sister doesn’t apply the jacket
(?) Does my sister apply the jacket?
B.
Present
Continuous Tense
This tenses are used to express an action
which is actually being done at this time.
·
Form Verbal:
(+) S + be + V-ing + O
(-) S + be + not + V-ing + O
(?) Be + S + V-ing + O…
Example Verbal:
(+) She is answering a question
(-) She is not answering a question
(?) Is She answering a question?
C.
Present
Perfect Tense
This tenses are used to express your
experience. This sentence can used to say that you have never had a certain
experience. Present Perfect Tense didn’t use to describe specific event.
·
Form Verbal:
(+) S + Have/Has + V3 + O
(-) S + Have/Has + not + V3 + O
(?) have/has + S + V3 + O
Example
Verbal:
(+) I have met her at a hospital lastday
(-) I have not met her at a hospital lastday.
(?) Have I met her at a hospital lastday?
D.
Present
Perfect Continuous
Present Perfect Continuous Tense is used
to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. ”for
two hours’, ‘for two weeks’, ‘since yesterday’ are all durations which can be
used with this sentence. Without the durations, the tense has a more general meaning of “lately.” We often use the words “lately” or “recently” to emphasize
this meaning.
·
Form Verbal:
(+) S + have/has + been + V-ing + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb
(ANA)
(-) S + have/ has + not + been + V-ing + O + ANA
(?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing + O + ANA
Example Verbal:
(+) Rani has been playing at garden.
(-) Rani has not been playing at garden.
(?) Has Rani been playing at garden?
E.
Simple Past
Tense
We used this tense to talk about the past.
·
Form Verbal:
(+) S + V2 + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb (ANA)
(-) S + did + not + V1 + O + ANA
(?) Did + S + V1 + O + ANA?
Example Verbal:
(+) My Mother visited to the art museum last week.
(-) My Mother did not visit to the art museum last week.
(?) Did My Mother visit to the museum last week?
Refrensi:
